Watching the Alzheimer’s research world from the outside over the past two years has felt like a car ride over an unpaved mountain road without a seatbelt. In 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration took the unusual step of overruling its advisory committee to approve the sale of Aduhelm, the first new Alzheimer’s drug in nearly two decades. The drug was designed to work by clearing accumulations of amyloid beta, a protein that has long been linked to the disease, from patient’s brains. In clinical trials, the drug did remove amyloid—but it didn’t convincingly improve cognition, so the committee recommended against it.
But the FDA determined that amyloid clearance
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