When someone wishes you a “Happy Pi Day,” you probably immediately think of circles—and not only pies. (Pi Day is March 14, or 3.14 if you’re using US date formatting.) That’s because if you measure the distance around a circle’s outside (the circumference) and then the distance across it (the diameter), pi is the circumference divided by the diameter.
Illustration: Rhett Allain
So anytime you’re dealing with circles, it seems quite logical that the number pi could show up. But many situations where pi appears at first seem to have nothing to do with circles at all. In quantum mechanics, it’s in the solution to the Schrödinger
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