Hundreds of global and regional studies on sea level rise and coastal flooding may have underestimated sea levels by an average of 20 to 30 centimeters.
Out of 385 peer-reviewed studies published from 2009 to 2025, around 99 percent incorrectly estimated ocean height, leading to sea level approximations that were off by as much as a century of projected sea level rise, researchers report March 4 in Nature. These included 45 studies referenced by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its Sixth Assessment Report.
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